Accountability (consumers, taxpayers, and citizens)
Authenticity in assessment
Carrot and stick (standards, testing, and motivation)
Criterion- and norm-referenced tests
Emotional aspects of testing
Gain scores and value added
Group versus individual assessment
Knowing something versus answering test questions
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)
Professional organizations
Reading comprehension assessment
Spelling assessment (as an exemplar of broader issues)
What should an educated person know?
Where do we go from here?
