The Oxford solid state basics

1.About Condensed Matter Physics 1.1.What Is Condensed Matter Physics 1.2.Why Do We Study Condensed Matter Physics? 1.3.Why Solid State Physics? I.Physics of Solids without Considering Microscopic Structure: The Early Days of Solid State 2.Specific Heat of Solids: Boltzmann, Einstein, and Debye 2.1.Einstein's Calculation 2.2.Debye's Calculation 2.2.1.Periodic (Born-von Karman) Boundary Conditions 2.2.2.Debye's Calculation Following Planck 2.2.3.Debye's "Interpolation" 2.2.4.Some Shortcomings of the Debye Theory 2.3.Appendix to this Chapter: (Si(B(4) Exercises 3.Electrons in Metals: Drude Theory 3.1.Electrons in Fields 3.1.1.Electrons in an Electric Field 3.1.2.Electrons in Electric and Magnetic Fields 3.2.Thermal Transport Exercises 4.More Electrons in Metals: Sommerfeld (Free Electron) Theory 4.1.Basic Fermi-Dirac Statistics 4.2.Electronic Heat Capacity

4.3.Magnetic Spin Susceptibility (Pauli Paramagnetism) 4.4.Why Drude Theory Works So Well 4.5.Shortcomings of the Free Electron Model Exercises II.Structure of Materials 5.The Periodic Table 5.1.Chemistry, Atoms, and the Schroedinger Equation 5.2.Structure of the Periodic Table 5.3.Periodic Trends 5.3.1.Effective Nuclear Charge Exercises 6.What Holds Solids Together: Chemical Bonding 6.1.Ionic Bonds 6.2.Covalent Bond 6.2.1.Particle in a Box Picture 6.2.2.Molecular Orbital or Tight Binding Theory 6.3.Van der Waals, Fluctuating Dipole Forces, or Molecular Bonding 6.4.Metallic Bonding 6.5.Hydrogen Bonds Exercises 7.Types of Matter III.Toy Models of Solids in One Dimension 8.One-Dimensional Model of Compressibility, Sound, and Thermal Expansion Exercises 9.Vibrations of a One-Dimensional Monatomic Chain 9.1.First Exposure to the Reciprocal Lattice

9.2.Properties of the Dispersion of the One-Dimensional Chain 9.3.Quantum Modes: Phonons 9.4.Crystal Momentum Exercises 10.Vibrations of a One-Dimensional Diatomic Chain 10.1.Diatomic Crystal Structure: Some Useful Definitions 10.2.Normal Modes of the Diatomic Solid Exercises 11.Tight Binding Chain (Interlude and Preview) 11.1.Tight Binding Model in One Dimension 11.2.Solution of the Tight Binding Chain 11.3.Introduction to Electrons Filling Bands 11.4.Multiple Bands Exercises IV.Geometry of Solids 12.Crystal Structure 12.1.Lattices and Unit Cells 12.2.Lattices in Three Dimensions 12.2.1.The Body-Centered Cubic (bcc) Lattice 12.2.2.The Face-Centered Cubic (fcc) Lattice 12.2.3.Sphere Packing 12.2.4.Other Lattices in Three Dimensions 12.2.5.Some Real Crystals Exercises 13.Reciprocal Lattice, Brillouin Zone, Waves in Crystals 13.1.The Reciprocal Lattice in Three Dimensions

13.1.1.Review of One Dimension 13.1.2.Reciprocal Lattice Definition 13.1.3.The Reciprocal Lattice as a Fourier Transform 13.1.4.Reciprocal Lattice Points as Families of Lattice Planes 13.1.5.Lattice Planes and Miller Indices 13.2.Brillouin Zones 13.2.1.Review of One-Dimensional Dispersions and Brillouin Zones 13.2.2.General Brillouin Zone Construction 13.3.Electronic and Vibrational Waves in Crystals in Three Dimensions Exercises V.Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction 14.Wave Scattering by Crystals 14.1.The Laue and Bragg Conditions 14.1.1.Fermi's Golden Rule Approach 14.1.2.Diffraction Approach 14.1.3.Equivalence of Laue and Bragg conditions 14.2.Scattering Amplitudes 14.2.1.Simple Example 14.2.2.Systematic Absences and More Examples 14.2.3.Geometric Interpretation of Selection Rules 14.3.Methods of Scattering Experiments 14.3.1.Advanced Methods 14.3.2.Powder Diffraction

14.4.Still More About Scattering 14.4.1.Scattering in Liquids and Amorphous Solids 14.4.2.Variant: Inelastic Scattering 14.4.3.Experimental Apparatus Exercises VI.Electrons in Solids 15.Electrons in a Periodic Potential 15.1.Nearly Free Electron Model 15.1.1.Degenerate Perturbation Theory 15.2.Bloch's Theorem Exercises 16.Insulator, Semiconductor, or Metal 16.1.Energy Bands in One Dimension 16.2.Energy Bands in Two and Three Dimensions 16.3.Tight Binding 16.4.Failures of the Band-Structure Picture of Metals and Insulators 16.5.Band Structure and Optical Properties 16.5.1.Optical Properties of Insulators and Semiconductors 16.5.2.Direct and Indirect Transitions 16.5.3.Optical Properties of Metals 16.5.4.Optical Effects of Impurities Exercises 17.Semiconductor Physics 17.1.Electrons and Holes 17.1.1.Drude Transport: Redux 17.2.Adding Electrons or Holes with Impurities: Doping

17.2.1.Impurity States 17.3.Statistical Mechanics of Semiconductors Exercises 18.Semiconductor Devices 18.1.Band Structure Engineering 18.1.1.Designing Band Gaps 18.1.2.Non-Homogeneous Band Gaps 18.2.p-n Junction 18.3.The Transistor Exercises VII.Magnetism and Mean Field Theories 19.Magnetic Properties of Atoms: Para- and Dia-Magnetism 19.1.Basic Definitions of Types of Magnetism 19.2.Atomic Physics: Hund's Rules 19.2.1.Why Moments Align 19.3.Coupling of Electrons in Atoms to an External Field 19.4.Free Spin (Curie or Langevin) Paramagnetism 19.5.Larmor Diamagnetism 19.6.Atoms in Solids 19.6.1.Pauli Paramagnetism in Metals 19.6.2.Diamagnetism in Solids 19.6.3.Curie Paramagnetism in Solids Exercises 20.Spontaneous Magnetic Order: Ferro-, Antiferro-, and Ferri-Magnetism 20.1.(Spontaneous) Magnetic Order 20.1.1.Ferromagnets 20.1.2.Antiferromagnets 20.1.3.Ferrimagnets

20.2.Breaking Symmetry

20.2.1.Ising Model

Exercises

21.Domains and Hysteresis

21.1.Macroscopic Effects in Ferromagnets: Domains

21.1.1.Domain Wall Structure and the Bloch/Neel Wall

21.2.Hysteresis in Ferromagnets

21.2.1.Disorder Pinning

21.2.2.Single-Domain Crystallites

21.2.3.Domain Pinning and Hysteresis

Exercises

22.Mean Field Theory

22.1.Mean Field Equations for the Ferromagnetic Ising Model

22.2.Solution of Self-Consistency Equation

22.2.1.Paramagnetic Susceptibility

22.2.2.Further Thoughts

Exercises

23.Magnetism from Interactions: The Hubbard Model

23.1.Itinerant Ferromagnetism

23.1.1.Hubbard Ferromagnetism Mean Field Theory

23.1.2.Stoner Criterion

23.2.Mott Antiferromagnetism

23.3.Appendix: Hubbard Model for the Hydrogen Molecule

Exercises

A.Sample Exam and Solutions

B.List of Other Good Books

Indices

Index of People.